What This Everyday Hand Gesture Really Meant in the Past

Medieval and Renaissance Symbolism

During the medieval period, gestures similar to the thumbs‑up appeared in European art and manuscripts as symbols of approval, agreement, or affirmation. They were often used in legal and religious contexts, such as swearing oaths or signaling consent. The gesture was widely understood among literate elites, even if the general population interpreted it differently depending on local customs.

Modern Adoption

The thumbs‑up became widely popular in Western culture in the 20th century. During World War II, American pilots reportedly used the gesture to indicate that everything was ready for takeoff. Hollywood films further cemented its association with positivity, reinforcing its meaning as “good job” or “all is well.”